Photosynthetic performance or behavior in ‘Keitt’ mango under diurnal environmental fluctuations

Ester dos Santos Coêlho; Elania Freire da Silva; Antonio Gideilson Correia da Silva; Anna Kézia Soares de Oliveira; Pablo Henrique de Almeida Oliveira; Lindomar Maria da Silveira; Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior; João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro

doi:10.1590/1983-21252025v3813945rc

Authors

Ester dos Santos Coêlho Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5541-1937
Elania Freire da Silva Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7176-3609
Antonio Gideilson Correia da Silva Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-5507
Anna Kézia Soares de Oliveira Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7063-9991
Pablo Henrique de Almeida Oliveira Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9128-6179
Lindomar Maria da Silveira Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9719-7417
Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6983-8245
João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1937-0066

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3813945rc

Keywords:

Mangifera indica. Abiotic stresses. Photosynthesis. Photoinhibitory damage. Phenotypic plasticity.

Abstract

Abiotic factors, such as temperature and irradiance, induce different physiological responses in plants throughout the day. In fruit trees, unfavorable weather conditions affect net CO₂ assimilation and fruit quality. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the photosynthetic behavior of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. 'Keitt' throughout the day by analyzing gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence, determine the predominance of abiotic factors (temperature, relative humidity, and radiation) on these physiological responses and identify the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) that promotes higher CO₂ assimilation and electron transport rate. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized experimental design, in which 18 different flux densities of photosynthetically active photons (PPFD) (0 – 2000 μmol m^-2 s^-1) were tested at three different times throughout the day (8 a.m., 12 p.m., and 4 p.m.). Each combination of flux density and time was repeated six times, and in each repetition, two plants per plot were considered. Ecophysiological (net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and internal CO₂ concentration) and environmental (temperature, relative humidity, and photosynthetically active radiation) variables were analyzed. Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of mango cv. 'Keitt' were negatively affected by conditions of high temperature and photosynthetically active radiation. PPFD between 1600 and 2000 μmol m^-2 s^-1 provided a higher net photosynthesis rate and electron transport rate in mango cv. 'Keitt' at 8 a.m.

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