Introgression of dwarfing genes into tomato fruit through backcrossing aiming at salad-type background

Thúlio Pereira Mattos; Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel; Camila Soares de Oliveira; Ana Luisa Alves Ribeiro; Ana Carolina Silva Siquieroli; Nilo Cesar Queiroga Silva; Orlando Ribeiro de Oliveira; Vinicius Augusto Pereira

doi:10.1590/1983-21252025v3812718rc

Authors

Thúlio Pereira Mattos Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3528-6233
Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3004-9134
Camila Soares de Oliveira Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4251-1461
Ana Luisa Alves Ribeiro Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2963-6374
Ana Carolina Silva Siquieroli Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4713-1262
Nilo Cesar Queiroga Silva Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-6418
Orlando Ribeiro de Oliveira Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8508-1096
Vinicius Augusto Pereira Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0888-0591

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3812718rc

Abstract

This study investigated the introgression of dwarfing genes via tomato populations through successive backcrosses, aiming to improve salad-type fruit quality and agronomic traits. Hybridization between the recurrent parent (UFU-57) and the dwarf donor parent (UFU MC TOM 1) was followed by three generations of backcrossing (BC1, BC2, BC3). The methodological steps included hybridization, selection of dwarf plants, and evaluation of agronomic traits and fruit quality. Significant improvements were observed in agronomic traits and nutritional quality of fruits, with UFU-DTOM 4#4-11-1 (BC3) showing the most substantial increase in fruit mass, achieving an 816% increase compared to the dwarf donor parent. The results indicate the effectiveness of backcrossing in restoring salad-type fruit traits and enhancing fruit weight, pulp thickness, and nutritional content such as β-carotene and lycopene. The conclusion highlights the importance of the third backcrossing generation in developing dwarf tomato lines with superior traits for the salad fruit market segment.

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