Capacidade combinatória de soja em F1 e F2 visando precocidade e produção de grãos

Michelle Souza Santos; Osvaldo Toshiyuki Hamawaki; Bruno Henrique Gomes; Josef Gastl Filho; Matheus Braga de Oliveira; Amanda Caetano da Silva; Marcos Vieira de Faria; Ana Paula Oliveira Nogueira

doi:10.1590/1983-21252025v3812487rc

Authors

Michelle Souza Santos Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4712-8960
Osvaldo Toshiyuki Hamawaki Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9213-3809
Bruno Henrique Gomes Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1035-0226
Josef Gastl Filho Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3492-1089
Matheus Braga de Oliveira Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0436-6121
Amanda Caetano da Silva Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6945-9487
Marcos Vieira de Faria Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1573-8297
Ana Paula Oliveira Nogueira Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6241-1671

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3812487rc

Keywords:

Diallel crosses. Genetic improvement. Parental selection.

Abstract

Parental selection is a key step in genetic improvement programs, as it impacts the genetic potential of the segregating population and the genetic progress that can be achieved. This selection can be made through predictive or diallel analyses, which estimate general (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA). This study evaluated F₁ and F₂ soybean (Glycine max) populations derived from diallel crosses to select parents for traits related to earliness, production components, and grain yield. Fifteen treatments were analyzed in a randomized complete block design, including 10 biparental combinations and 5 parent lines (TMG 801, TMG 803, BRS 511, UFUS 7101, and UFUS 7201). Traits assessed were days to flowering and maturity, plant height at maturity, height of first-pod insertion, number of nodes at maturity, branched nodes, productive nodes, pods with one, two, and three grains, total pods per plant, seeds per pod, and grain yield. Results indicated that evaluating the F₁ generation was sufficient, as parent characteristics were consistent in the F₂ generation. The diallel analysis identified promising combinations for reducing the growth cycle and increasing productivity and grain yield. BRS 511 x TMG 803, UFUS 7201 x TMG 803, and TMG 803 x UFUS 7101 showed the greatest potential.

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