Competitive ability of maize with weed species as a function of the inserted transgenic trait

Leandro Galon; Milena Barretta  Franceschetti; Nathalia Dalla Corte  Bernardi; Leonardo  Brunetto; Germani  Concenço; André Dalpont  Menegat; Antônio Marcos Loureiro da  Silva; Gismael Francisco  Perin

doi:10.1590/1983-21252025v3811990rc

Authors

Leandro Galon Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-462X
Milena Barretta Franceschetti Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9908-2573
Nathalia Dalla Corte Bernardi Department of Phytossanity, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7795-6631
Leonardo Brunetto Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8252-6908
Germani Concenço Department of Sustainable Cropping Systems, Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas, RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2203-8766
André Dalpont Menegat Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5395-1542
Antônio Marcos Loureiro da Silva Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7198-8616
Gismael Francisco Perin Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9036-0426

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3811990rc

Keywords:

Euphorbia heterophylla. Urochloa plantaginea. Zea mays.

Abstract

New technologies developed to control weeds in crops have flourished in recent years. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the competitive ability of maize hybrids 2B433 (Enlist^®), Pioneer 30F53 (VYHR^®), and 13K288 PWE (Enlist^®) and a conventional (non-transgenic) variety with a distinct biotechnological background when competing against wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla) and Alexandergrass (Urochloa plantaginea). Crops and competitors were studied in distinct plant proportions: 20:0, 15:5, 10:10, 5:15 and 0:20 plants per pot or 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100% (crop:weed) in replacement series experiments. Fifty days after emergence, the leaf area and aboveground dry mass were measured. Concomitantly, the photosynthetic and carboxylation efficiency and CO₂ concentration were assessed in the leaf mesophyll. Maize hybrid 2B433 (Enlist^®) showed better physiological and morphological performance compared to the conventional variety, and hybrids 13K288 PWE (Enlist^®) and 30F53 (VYHR^®) showed better performance when competing with wild poinsettia or Alexandergrass. The increased competitive ability seems to be due to the greater leaf area and aboveground dry mass reported for 2B433 (Enlist^®). Therefore, the competitive ability presented by the hybrids was distinct, and we found no evidence that the transgenic event present in these hybrids affected their competitive ability.

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