Condições de secagem na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de feijão-caupi, cv. brs tumucumaque

Miquéias de Oliveira Assis; Eduardo Fontes Araujo; Francisco Claudio Lopes de Freitas; Laércio Junio da Silva; Roberto Fontes Araujo

doi:10.1590/1983-21252023v36n203rc

Authors

Miquéias de Oliveira Assis Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9807-9586
Eduardo Fontes Araujo Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5322-6797
Francisco Claudio Lopes de Freitas Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1911-7201
Laércio Junio da Silva Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7202-0420
Roberto Fontes Araujo Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Viçosa, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7017-4829

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n203rc

Keywords:

Vigna unguiculata. Germination. Seed vigor. Artificial drying. Storage.

Abstract

Seed drying has many advantages, but it can cause irreversible damages, compromising the physiological quality of seeds, especially when they present high water contents. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of drying conditions (inside and outside the pod) on the physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque before and after storage. A completely randomized experimental design with four replications was used, in a split-plot arrangement. The plots consisted of combinations of harvest seasons (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) and artificial seed drying conditions (inside and outside the pod); and the subplots consisted of storage times (0 and 6 months). The seed water contents were determined and the seeds were evaluated for germination, first germination count, emergence, emergence index, accelerated aging, and electrical conductivity. Higher physiological quality was found for dried seeds inside the pods, which was more evident in seasons 1 and 2, in both storage times. In the other seasons, the drying conditions had no effect on seed germination and vigor at the beginning of storage. The dried seeds inside the pods showed greater vigor after six months of storage. Drying seeds inside the pods favors the maintenance of physiological quality and allows artificial drying of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque with water content of 47%. Artificial drying of seeds with water contents higher than 32.5% is not recommended for the condition outside the pod. The seed physiological potential decreases after six months of storage, regardless of the drying condition.

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