MAPEAMENTO ASSOCIATIVO PARA PRODUTIVIDADE DE GRÃOS EM GERMPLASMA EXÓTICO DE SOJA SOB ALTAS TEMPERATURAS

Camila Campêlo de Sousa; Ubirajara Santana Assunção; Mônica Christina Ferreira; Ângela Celis de Almeida  Lopes; Regina Lucia Ferreira Gomes; José Baldin  Pinheiro

doi:10.1590/1983-21252022v35n307rc

Authors

Camila Campêlo de Sousa Department of Sciences of Codó, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Codó, MA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1403-2447
Ubirajara Santana Assunção Departament of Distance Education, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1402-353X
Mônica Christina Ferreira Department of Germplasm Development, Syngenta, Uberlândia, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6166-0174
Ângela Celis de Almeida Lopes Department of Plant Sciences, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9546-5403
Regina Lucia Ferreira Gomes Department of Plant Sciences, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7700-6959
José Baldin Pinheiro Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1294-2081

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n307rc

Keywords:

Glycine max. Linkage disequilibrium. Marker assisted selection.

Abstract

Soybeans are among the world’s main crops because they are excellent sources of proteins, micronutrients, and oil. Considering that abiotic stress affects agribusiness, resulting in losses, the grain yield of the crop must be maintained even at high temperatures. In this context, the objective of this study was to select markers related to soybean yield assessed under high temperatures, using associative mapping. The mapping population included 80 soybean PIs and 15 controls. For phenotyping, genotypes were evaluated at high temperatures in an experiment conducted in Teresina (in the state of Piauí) and four characters of interest for agronomy were evaluated: height of the plant when mature, agronomic value, 100-seed weight, and grain yield. Genotyping was carried out using the Affymetrix Platform (180 K Axiom® Soybean Genotyping Array), and the imbalance in the connection between pairs of markers was calculated through the coefficient of determination using the fast permutation test. The analysis of the association between markers and the phenotype of interest was carried out using a generalized linear model approach, including phenotyping data, SNP markers, and information on population structure. The results revealed that 34.06% of loci showed a significant linkage disequilibrium (p < 0.001), and 16 significant associations were found for the four characters related to heat tolerance. These associations can aid breeders that aim to incorporate high temperature tolerance in programs of soybean genetic improvement via selection assisted by markers.

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