Plantas de cobertura e agentes de biocontrole no manejo de nematoides na cultura da soja

Fernando Godinho de Araújo; Samuel Júnio Cirilo Teixeira; Jean Cramenak de Souza; Cláudia Regina Dias Arieira

doi:10.1590/1983-21252023v36n201rc

Authors

Fernando Godinho de Araújo Laboratory of Integrated Management of Nematodes, Instituto Federal Goiano, Urutaí, GO https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5217-4609
Samuel Júnio Cirilo Teixeira Agronomy projects coordination (Technical Marketing), Lallemand Soluções Biológicas, Patos de Minas, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2080-8512
Jean Cramenak de Souza Laboratory of Integrated Management of Nematodes, Instituto Federal Goiano, Urutaí, GO https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2921-9458
Cláudia Regina Dias Arieira Departament of Agronomic Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Umuarama, PR https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1567-816X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n201rc

Keywords:

Meloidogyne incognita. Pratylenchus brachyurus. Biological control.

Abstract

In the Brazilian Cerrado, phytonematodes, phytonematodes are a challenge for agriculture, and the association of forms of control is the best strategy to be used in coexistence with this pathogen. Faced with this problem, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of cover crops and biocontrol agents in the management of nematodes in soybean. For each nematode species under study (Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus brachyurus), two experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions in a completely randomized design arranged in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme with eight replications. Six cover crops (millet ADRG 9050, millet ADR 300, Urochloa ruziziensis, Crotalaria ochroleuca, C. spectabilis, and corn hybrid DKB 290) and two treatments (treated or not with Bacillus subtilis and B. methylotrophicus - 1x10⁶ CFU per seed) were evaluated. The cover crops were sown in soil infested with nematodes and then soybeans were sown under the straw, and cultivated for 45 and 60 days, for M. incognita and P. brachyurus, respectively. Fresh root mass, total nematode population, and the number of nematodes per gram of root were evaluated. The association of microorganisms with C. spectabilis, U. ruziziensis, and millet ADR 300 conferred an additional effect in reducing the population of P. brachyurus. For M. incognita, the association was successful only for combining C. spectabilis with B. methylotrophicus. DKB 290 corn, when treated with B. methylotrophicus, had the nematode population per gram of soybean root reduced by 90% compared to plants that did not receive biological treatment.

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