Introgression of dwarfing genes into tomato fruit through backcrossing aiming at salad-type background

Thúlio Pereira Mattos; Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel; Camila Soares de Oliveira; Ana Luisa Alves Ribeiro; Ana Carolina Silva Siquieroli; Nilo Cesar Queiroga Silva; Orlando Ribeiro de Oliveira; Vinicius Augusto Pereira

doi:10.1590/1983-21252025v3812718rc

Autores

Thúlio Pereira Mattos Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3528-6233
Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3004-9134
Camila Soares de Oliveira Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4251-1461
Ana Luisa Alves Ribeiro Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2963-6374
Ana Carolina Silva Siquieroli Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4713-1262
Nilo Cesar Queiroga Silva Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-6418
Orlando Ribeiro de Oliveira Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8508-1096
Vinicius Augusto Pereira Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0888-0591

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3812718rc

Resumo

Este estudo investiga a introgressão de genes de nanismo em populações de tomate por meio de retrocruzamentos sucessivos, visando melhorar a qualidade dos frutos do tipo salada e as características agronômicas. A hibridização entre o genitor recorrente (UFU-57) e o genitor doador anão (UFU MC TOM 1) foi seguida por três gerações de retrocruzamento (BC1, BC2, BC3). As etapas metodológicas incluíram hibridização, seleção de plantas anãs e avaliação das características agronômicas e da qualidade dos frutos. Foram observadas melhorias significativas nas características agronômicas e na qualidade nutricional dos frutos, com UFU-DTOM 4#4-11-1 (BC3) apresentando o aumento mais substancial na massa do fruto, alcançando um aumento de 816% em comparação com o genitor doador anão. Os resultados indicam a eficácia do retrocruzamento na restauração das características dos frutos do tipo salada e no aumento da massa do fruto, espessura da polpa e conteúdo nutricional, como β-caroteno e licopeno. A conclusão destaca a importância da terceira geração de retrocruzamento no desenvolvimento de linhas de tomate anão com características superiores para o mercado de frutos do tipo salada.

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