Clinical signs in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix) experimentally infected with Salmonella Gallinarum
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2016.10.3.5691Résumé
Fowl typhoid a high-impact disease in the poultry industry, this study aims to verify the clinical signs of the disease in experimentally inoculated with quail Salmonella Gallinarum 54 Japanese female quails were distributed into two groups. The inoculated group (GI) SG (32 quail) and control group (CG) (16 birds). A total of six birds were euthanized before the start of the experiment, organs samples (liver, spleen, ovarian follicles, cecum and lung) were collected for the microbiological analysis. The birds of the GI group received 0,7mL of inoculum (1.5x106 CFU/mL) and birds of the CG group received 0,7 mL of saline solution. Thereafter, the quails were observed for ten consecutive days in three daily periods (8:00, 11:00 e 14:00) in order to observe clinical signs of disease. After four days of inoculation was verified prostration, apathy, ruffled feathers, diarrhea, bird's stay in the corner of the cage with closed eyes and reluctance to move (13/32). Some macroscopic changes were observed in euthanized birds with clinical signs like splenomegaly and splenic necrosis in 84,6% (11/13) and 23,0% (3/13) respectively, hepatomegaly and liver necrosis in 15,4% (2/13) e 23% (3/13) respectively, and atrophy and hemorrhage of ovarian follicles in 15,4% (2/13) and 7,7% (1/13) respectively. the birds that died was observed only hepatosplenomegaly. So we can conclude experimentally inoculated with Salmonella Gallinarum quail have the typical clinical signs of fowl typhoid observed in others birds of Galliforme order.Téléchargements
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Références
Alvarez M. T, Ledesma N., Téllez G., Molinari J. L., Tato P. Comparison of the immune responses against Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum infection between naked neck chickens and a commercial chicken line. Avian Pathology, 2003; 32(2):193-203.
Andrade M. A. D, Mesquita A. J. D, Strighini J. H. Excreção fecal de Salmonella Enteritidis em duas linhagens de frangos de corte. Ciência Animal Brasileira, vol. 8, No. 4, p. 757-765, 2007.
Aragaw K., Terefe L., Abera M. Prevalence of Salmonella Infection in Intensive Poultry Farms in Hawassa and Isolation of Salmonella species from sick and dead chickens. Ethiopian Veterinary Journal, v. 14, n. 2, p. 115-124, 2010.
Assoku R. K. G, Penhale W.J., Buxton A. Haematological changes in acute experimental Salmonella Gallinarum infection in chickens. J. Comp. Path. Vol. 80, 1970.
Berndt A, Wilhelm A, Jugert C, Pieper J, Sachse K, Methner U. Chicken Cecum Immune Response to Salmonella enterica serovars of different levels of invasiveness. Infection Andimmunity, vol. 75, No. 12, p. 5993–6007, 2007.
Berchieri Jr, A.; Freitas Neto, O. C. Salmoneloses. In: Berchieri Júnior, A.; Silva, E. N.; Di Fábio, J.; Sesti, L.; Zuanaze, M. A. F. (Eds.), Doença das Aves, 1104 p., São Paulo: FACTA, 2009, p. 435-454.
Bergey, D.H., Holt, J.G. & Krieg, N.R. (1994). Bergey’s: manual of determinative bacteriology. 9 ed. Baltimore: W. & Williams.
Beyaz L., Atasever A., Aydin F., Gümüşsoy K. S., Abay S. Pathological and clinical findings and tissue distribution of Salmonella Gallinarum infection in turkey poults. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, v. 34, n. 2, p. 101-110, 2010.
Chappell L., Kaiser, P., Barrow P., Jones M. A., Johnston C., WIGLEY P. The immunobiology of avian systemic salmonellosis. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Vol. 128, No. 1-3, p. 53-59, 2009.
Chadfield M.S., Brown D.J., Aabo S. Comparison of intestinal invasion and macrophage response of Salmonella Gallinarum and other host-adapted Salmonella enterica serovars in the avian host. Veterinary Microbiology; 2003; 92 (1-2):49-64.
Christensen J. P.; Barrow P. A.; Olsen J. E.; Poulsen J. S. D.; Bisgaard M. Correlation between viable counts of Salmonella Gallinarum in spleen and liver and the development of anaemia in chickens as seen in experimental fowl typhoid. Avian Pathology, Vol. 25, No. 4, p. 769-783, 1996.
Ezema W. S., Onuoha E., Chah, K. F. Observations on an outbreak of fowl typhoid in commercial laying birds in Udi, South Eastern Nigeria. Comparative Clinical Pathology, Vol. 18, No. 4, p. 395-398, 2009.
Freitas Neto O. C., Arroyave W., Alessi A. C., Fagliari J. J., Berchieri Júnior A. Infection of Commercial Laying Hens with Salmonella Gallinarum: Clinical, Anatomopathological and Haematological Studies. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 2007; 9(2):133-141.
Gantois I., Ducatelle R., Pasmans F., Haesebrouck F., Gast R., Humphrey T. J., Van Immerseel F. Mechanisms of egg contamination by Salmonella Enteritidis. FEMS microbiology reviews, Vol. 33, No. 4, p. 718-738, 2009.
Gahring L. C., Heffron F., Finlay B. B., Falkow S. Invasion and replication of Salmonella Typhimurium in animal cells. Infection and immunity, Vol. 58, No. 2, p. 443-448, 1990.
Garcia KO, Berchieri Jr. A, Santana AM, Alarcon MFF, Freitas Neto OC, Fagliari JJ. Experimental infection of commercial layers with wild or attenuated Salmonella Gallinarum mutant strains: anatomic pathology, total blood cell count and serum protein levels. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, v.15, n.2, pag. 91-104, 2013.
Gelberg, H. B. Sistema Alimentar, Peritônio, Omento, Mesentério e Cavidade Peritoneal. In: ZACHARY, F.; MCGAVIN, M. D. (Eds.), Bases da Patologia em Veterinária, 1324 p., 2013, Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, p. 324-406.
Hossain M. S., Chowdhury E. H., Islam M. M., Haider M. G., Hossain, M. M. Avian Salmonella infection: isolation and identification of organisms and histopathological study. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Vol. 4, No. 1, p. 7-12, 2006.
Kaiser P, Rothwell L, Galyov EE, Barrow PA, Burnside J, Wigley P. Differential cytokine expression in avian cells in response to invasion by Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Gallinarum. Microbiology; 146(12):3217-3226, 2000.
Kerr, M.G. exames laboratoriais em medicina veterinária: bioquímica clínica e hematologia/Morgan G. Kerr; tradução da 2ªed. Original de Angela Bacic, Samantha Ive Myashiro. São Paulo: Roca, 2003.
Kokosharov, T. Some observations on the caecal microflora of the chickens during experimental acute fowl typhoid. Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire, v. 152, n. 7, p. 531-534, 2001.
Kokosharov, T. Clinical and hematological effects of Salmonella Gallinarum endotoxin in cockerels. Veterinarski arhiv, 72 (5), 269-276, 2002
Miles, A.A.; Misra, S.S.; Irwin, J.O. (1938). The estimation of the bactericidal power of the blood. J. Hyg. (Lond), 38 (6), p.732–749.
Pete Kaiser, Lisa Rothwell,Edouard E. Galyov,Paul A. Barrow, Joan Burnside,Paul Wigley. Differential cytokine expression in avian cells in response to invasion by Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Gallinarum. Microbiology, 146 , 3217–3226, 2000.
Oliveira G. H., Berchieri Júnior A., Fernandes A. C. Experimental infection of laying hens with Salmonella enterica sorovar Gallinarum. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 2005; 36(1):51-56.
Rocha-e-Silva RC, Cardoso WM, Teixeira RSC, Albuquerque ÁH, Horn RV, Cavalcanti CM, Lopes ES, Gomes-Filho VJR Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, v.15, n.1, pag. 39-46, 2013.
Setta A, Barrow P. A, Kaiser P, Jones M. A. Immune dynamics following infection of avian macrophages and epithelial cells with typhoidal and non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovars; bacterial invasion and persistence, nitric oxide and oxygen production, differential host gene expression, NF-κB signalling and cell cytotoxicity. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Vol. 146, No. 3-4, p. 212-24, 2012.
Van Immerseel F., De Buck J., De Smet I., Mast J., Haesebrouck F., Ducatelle R. Dynamics of immune cell infiltration in the caecal lamina propria of chickens after neonatal infection with a Salmonella Enteritidis strain. Developmental & Comparative Immunology, vol. 26, No. 4, p. 355-364, 2002.
Vereecken M., De Herdt P., Vanrobaeys M., Ducatelle R., Derore A., Haesebrouck F. Plasma biochemistry in pigeons experimentally infected with Salmonella. Avian Diseases, Vol. 45, No. 2, p. 467-472, 2001.
Zachary J. F. Mecanismo das Infecções Microbianas. In: ZACHARY, J. F.; MCGAVIN, M. D. (Eds.), Bases da Patologia em Veterinária, 1324p. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2013, p. 147-241.
Zancan F.T., Berchieri Jr. A., Fernandes S.A., Gama N.M.S.Q. Salmonella investigation in transport boxes of day-old birds. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, v.31, n.3, p.230-232, 2000.
Zhang-Barber L., Turner A. K., Barrow P. A. Vaccination for control of Salmonella in poultry. Vaccine, Vol. 17, No. 20, p. 2538-2545, 1999.
Andrade M. A. D, Mesquita A. J. D, Strighini J. H. Excreção fecal de Salmonella Enteritidis em duas linhagens de frangos de corte. Ciência Animal Brasileira, vol. 8, No. 4, p. 757-765, 2007.
Aragaw K., Terefe L., Abera M. Prevalence of Salmonella Infection in Intensive Poultry Farms in Hawassa and Isolation of Salmonella species from sick and dead chickens. Ethiopian Veterinary Journal, v. 14, n. 2, p. 115-124, 2010.
Assoku R. K. G, Penhale W.J., Buxton A. Haematological changes in acute experimental Salmonella Gallinarum infection in chickens. J. Comp. Path. Vol. 80, 1970.
Berndt A, Wilhelm A, Jugert C, Pieper J, Sachse K, Methner U. Chicken Cecum Immune Response to Salmonella enterica serovars of different levels of invasiveness. Infection Andimmunity, vol. 75, No. 12, p. 5993–6007, 2007.
Berchieri Jr, A.; Freitas Neto, O. C. Salmoneloses. In: Berchieri Júnior, A.; Silva, E. N.; Di Fábio, J.; Sesti, L.; Zuanaze, M. A. F. (Eds.), Doença das Aves, 1104 p., São Paulo: FACTA, 2009, p. 435-454.
Bergey, D.H., Holt, J.G. & Krieg, N.R. (1994). Bergey’s: manual of determinative bacteriology. 9 ed. Baltimore: W. & Williams.
Beyaz L., Atasever A., Aydin F., Gümüşsoy K. S., Abay S. Pathological and clinical findings and tissue distribution of Salmonella Gallinarum infection in turkey poults. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, v. 34, n. 2, p. 101-110, 2010.
Chappell L., Kaiser, P., Barrow P., Jones M. A., Johnston C., WIGLEY P. The immunobiology of avian systemic salmonellosis. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Vol. 128, No. 1-3, p. 53-59, 2009.
Chadfield M.S., Brown D.J., Aabo S. Comparison of intestinal invasion and macrophage response of Salmonella Gallinarum and other host-adapted Salmonella enterica serovars in the avian host. Veterinary Microbiology; 2003; 92 (1-2):49-64.
Christensen J. P.; Barrow P. A.; Olsen J. E.; Poulsen J. S. D.; Bisgaard M. Correlation between viable counts of Salmonella Gallinarum in spleen and liver and the development of anaemia in chickens as seen in experimental fowl typhoid. Avian Pathology, Vol. 25, No. 4, p. 769-783, 1996.
Ezema W. S., Onuoha E., Chah, K. F. Observations on an outbreak of fowl typhoid in commercial laying birds in Udi, South Eastern Nigeria. Comparative Clinical Pathology, Vol. 18, No. 4, p. 395-398, 2009.
Freitas Neto O. C., Arroyave W., Alessi A. C., Fagliari J. J., Berchieri Júnior A. Infection of Commercial Laying Hens with Salmonella Gallinarum: Clinical, Anatomopathological and Haematological Studies. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 2007; 9(2):133-141.
Gantois I., Ducatelle R., Pasmans F., Haesebrouck F., Gast R., Humphrey T. J., Van Immerseel F. Mechanisms of egg contamination by Salmonella Enteritidis. FEMS microbiology reviews, Vol. 33, No. 4, p. 718-738, 2009.
Gahring L. C., Heffron F., Finlay B. B., Falkow S. Invasion and replication of Salmonella Typhimurium in animal cells. Infection and immunity, Vol. 58, No. 2, p. 443-448, 1990.
Garcia KO, Berchieri Jr. A, Santana AM, Alarcon MFF, Freitas Neto OC, Fagliari JJ. Experimental infection of commercial layers with wild or attenuated Salmonella Gallinarum mutant strains: anatomic pathology, total blood cell count and serum protein levels. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, v.15, n.2, pag. 91-104, 2013.
Gelberg, H. B. Sistema Alimentar, Peritônio, Omento, Mesentério e Cavidade Peritoneal. In: ZACHARY, F.; MCGAVIN, M. D. (Eds.), Bases da Patologia em Veterinária, 1324 p., 2013, Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, p. 324-406.
Hossain M. S., Chowdhury E. H., Islam M. M., Haider M. G., Hossain, M. M. Avian Salmonella infection: isolation and identification of organisms and histopathological study. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Vol. 4, No. 1, p. 7-12, 2006.
Kaiser P, Rothwell L, Galyov EE, Barrow PA, Burnside J, Wigley P. Differential cytokine expression in avian cells in response to invasion by Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Gallinarum. Microbiology; 146(12):3217-3226, 2000.
Kerr, M.G. exames laboratoriais em medicina veterinária: bioquímica clínica e hematologia/Morgan G. Kerr; tradução da 2ªed. Original de Angela Bacic, Samantha Ive Myashiro. São Paulo: Roca, 2003.
Kokosharov, T. Some observations on the caecal microflora of the chickens during experimental acute fowl typhoid. Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire, v. 152, n. 7, p. 531-534, 2001.
Kokosharov, T. Clinical and hematological effects of Salmonella Gallinarum endotoxin in cockerels. Veterinarski arhiv, 72 (5), 269-276, 2002
Miles, A.A.; Misra, S.S.; Irwin, J.O. (1938). The estimation of the bactericidal power of the blood. J. Hyg. (Lond), 38 (6), p.732–749.
Pete Kaiser, Lisa Rothwell,Edouard E. Galyov,Paul A. Barrow, Joan Burnside,Paul Wigley. Differential cytokine expression in avian cells in response to invasion by Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Gallinarum. Microbiology, 146 , 3217–3226, 2000.
Oliveira G. H., Berchieri Júnior A., Fernandes A. C. Experimental infection of laying hens with Salmonella enterica sorovar Gallinarum. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 2005; 36(1):51-56.
Rocha-e-Silva RC, Cardoso WM, Teixeira RSC, Albuquerque ÁH, Horn RV, Cavalcanti CM, Lopes ES, Gomes-Filho VJR Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, v.15, n.1, pag. 39-46, 2013.
Setta A, Barrow P. A, Kaiser P, Jones M. A. Immune dynamics following infection of avian macrophages and epithelial cells with typhoidal and non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovars; bacterial invasion and persistence, nitric oxide and oxygen production, differential host gene expression, NF-κB signalling and cell cytotoxicity. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Vol. 146, No. 3-4, p. 212-24, 2012.
Van Immerseel F., De Buck J., De Smet I., Mast J., Haesebrouck F., Ducatelle R. Dynamics of immune cell infiltration in the caecal lamina propria of chickens after neonatal infection with a Salmonella Enteritidis strain. Developmental & Comparative Immunology, vol. 26, No. 4, p. 355-364, 2002.
Vereecken M., De Herdt P., Vanrobaeys M., Ducatelle R., Derore A., Haesebrouck F. Plasma biochemistry in pigeons experimentally infected with Salmonella. Avian Diseases, Vol. 45, No. 2, p. 467-472, 2001.
Zachary J. F. Mecanismo das Infecções Microbianas. In: ZACHARY, J. F.; MCGAVIN, M. D. (Eds.), Bases da Patologia em Veterinária, 1324p. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2013, p. 147-241.
Zancan F.T., Berchieri Jr. A., Fernandes S.A., Gama N.M.S.Q. Salmonella investigation in transport boxes of day-old birds. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, v.31, n.3, p.230-232, 2000.
Zhang-Barber L., Turner A. K., Barrow P. A. Vaccination for control of Salmonella in poultry. Vaccine, Vol. 17, No. 20, p. 2538-2545, 1999.
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2016-08-01
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