Oral squamous cell carcinoma with bone invasion in two dogs - case report

Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the third most prevalent tumor in the oral cavity of dogs with middle to advanced age. This report describes the cases of dogs aged 8 and 13 years. The first animal presented sialorrhea with blood, hyporexia, emaciation, hypocorned mucous membranes, enlarged right submandibular lymph node, and, in the oral cavity, intense halitosis and nodosity in the right maxillary antimer, which was friable, blackened, adhered, and hemorrhagic, starting in the soft palate and infiltrating the hard palate. There was hypochromic microcytic anemia with the presence of anisocytosis and Heinz corpuscles, as well as thrombocytopenia, macroplatelets, leukocytosis due to neutrophilia, monocytosis with the presence of toxic neutrophils, and hyperproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia, decreased ALT, and urea. The patient underwent surgery to remove the nodule but returned for euthanasia days later due to aggressive tumor recurrence. The second animal presented masticatory dysphagia, anorexia, hypocorned mucous membranes, capillary filling time greater than 2 seconds, blowing in the mitral and tricuspid valves, and firm elevation in the lower part of the right mandible in the caudal mentonian region. Additional tests showed erythrocytosis, polychromasia, thrombocytosis, platelet aggregation, macro platelets, and increased ALT. Ultrasound examination showed renal alterations compatible with senile degeneration and/or nephropathy, nodulations in the spleen, prostate, and left testicle, and enlargement of the right adrenal gland. Initial anti-inflammatory and analgesic treatment was instituted, but he died. Necropsy and the histopathological examination of the animals showed a diagnosis of SCC with bone invasion, the latter being an uncommon fact.