Characterization of cobalt ferrite nanoparticle and evaluation its toxic effect in experimental mice

Abstract

This study was carried out in order to investigate the characteristics of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles in order to improve efficacy, crystalline, magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite and determine the probable toxicity of Cobalt Ferrite nanoparticles in mice. Cobalt Ferrit NPs were synthesized from an aqueous solution containing 1mg of CoFe₂O₄ powder dissolved in 100µl DMSO(dimethyl sulfoxide) and 4900 µlRPMI serum free media to obtain 5ml in which each ml contain 200 µg of CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles.The structural features of the sample were evaluated by  Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)  and  X-ray diffraction( XRD), Scanning electron microscope( SEM) which detect the surface morphology and chemical compositions, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX )to determine of the micro-scale chemical structure of the sample,  in vitro  drug release test (IVRT) to compare between the release of the sample in acidic and neutral environments. Scherrer's formula yields an average crystallite size of 12 nm, and the lattice constant calculated from XRD data is provided according to the JCPDS (22-1086) data all the characteristic peaks in the sample are indexed as the reflection planes, match  with the spinel lattice of cubic shape found in CoFe₂O₄ nanocrystals. The in-vivo experiments determined LD50 of CoFe₂O₄ and was 3000 mg/ kg bw. The toxic effects of CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles have been further examined using a mouse model.It should not be hidden from view that administration CoFe₂O₄nanoparticles within the dosage 75 mg/ kg bw for 7 days did not cause any changes to the histological structure of the hepatic, renal, cardiac, or splenic tissues.