Candeia oil efficiency in improving wood resistance to decay fungi

Juarez Benigno  Paes; Murilo Bortoline Wanderley; Camila da Silva; Fabrício Gomes Gonçalves; Flávia Maria Silva Brito; Glaucileide  Ferreira

doi:10.1590/1983-21252025v3812554rc

Autores

Juarez Benigno Paes Department of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4776-4246
Murilo Bortoline Wanderley Department of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4938-0188
Camila da Silva Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Umuarama, PR, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7989-7046
Fabrício Gomes Gonçalves Department of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-9508
Flávia Maria Silva Brito Postgraduate Program in Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6834-8666
Glaucileide Ferreira Postgraduate Program in Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8428-7173

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3812554rc

Palavras-chave:

Ensaios biológicos. Produtos naturais. Proteção de madeira.

Resumo

A demanda mundial por produtos madeireiros e a escassez de espécies de madeira de boa qualidade estão pressionando as florestas nativas. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do óleo de candeia (Eremanthus erythropappus) bruto para melhorar a resistência da madeira de Pinus taeda aos fungos apodrecedores Rhodonia (≈Postia) placenta, Gloeophyllum trabeum, Neolentinus lepideus (podridão parda) e Pycnoporus sanguineus (podridão branca) em ensaios de apodrecimento acelerado em laboratório. As amostras tinham dimensões nominais de 1,90 × 1,90 × 1,90 cm. O óleo foi aplicado nas superfícies da madeira com pincel, visando obter retenções nominais de 15; 30; 45 e 60 kg de óleo por m³ de madeira. As amostras após o tratamento atingiram retenções médias de 16,25; 28,75; 41,50; e 53,75 kg m^-3, e foram submetidas ao teste solo-bloco (apodrecimento acelerado) durante 12 semanas. O aumento da retenção de óleo provocou redução na perda de massa da madeira de Pinus taeda submetida aos fungos testados. Observou-se que a retenção de 16,25 kg m^-3 foi capaz de inibir a degradação do fungo Rhodonia (≈Postia) e prevenir o ataque de outros fungos xilófagos. Os maiores danos foram observados para Rhodonia (≈Postia) e os menores danos para Pycnoporus sanguineus. O óleo conferiu maior resistência à madeira de Pinus taeda aos fungos testados, indicando ser útil para o tratamento de madeiras que ficarão em contato com animais domésticos e seres humanos, uma vez que não é toxico a tais organismos.

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